Many people have a special liking for Japanese courtyards. If you want to know the characteristics of Japanese style courtyards, how can you not understand the history of Japanese gardens? After reading the following summary of Japanese garden history, you can easily know the changes of Japanese gardens.

The four stage of the history of Landscape Architecture:


1. Ancient gardens:

Gardens in the era of great harmony, flying birds, Nara and the age of peace.

Two, middle World Garden:

The Kamakura era, the gardens of the northern and Southern Dynasties and the age of the Mu Chi period.

Three. Modern gardens:

The garden of the age of the peach mountain and the Edo age;

Four. Modern gardens:

Gardens after Meiji era include gardens of Meiji, Tai Zheng, Showa and Ping Cheng.

1. Ancient gardens

1, the age and the times

Time: 300 to 592 A. D.

Historical background:

In the ancient times of Japan (about first Century A.D.) there were more than 100 small countries. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty was praised by the Japanese envoys in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The emperor of the East Han Guang Emperor gave it the golden seal of the Han bonodo king, which still remains. By the year third Century, one of the big and ethnic groups rose in the vast and vast plains, after many years of war, in the fifth Century, finally unified Japan, the establishment of great nations. Da he also sent emissaries to China to learn culture from China, of which garden art is one.

Characteristic：

There are pools, springs, tours, islands and all kinds of plants and animals in the Palace Museum, ring wall, or ring fence. Through the pool, the carp is released in the pond, and the animals are running away in the garden.

Representative work：

Tuck up the palace of the heart of the pool - the Royal Palace of emperor Xiao Zhao (legendary emperor three to fourth Century), with a garden in the palace.

The palace of Rui Li, the imperial palace of emperor Chong (Legend of emperor two to third Century), has a fence in the palace.

Palau Leh palace, the imperial palace of Emperor Wu Li (unknown time), has a continent island.

The origin of China:

The era of great harmony was in the times of the Wei, Jin, northern and Southern Dynasties in China (220 to 581 years), so the gardens, with the characteristics of the Chinese Yin Shang Dynasty, also have the natural landscape style of this period, which belong to the series of pool spring landscape garden, and there are boats in the garden.

Development：

At that time, there were pools and gardens in gardens, and they were pure tours. The holding and appreciation of Qu Shui banquet were all done by scholars, showing the high level of the upper class culture at that time in order to reach the aesthetic realm.


Courtyard

2. The age of flying birds

Time: 593 to 710 A. D.

Historical background:

In the time of 117 years, the birds of the flying birds were located in the flying birds area. It took 117 years to push the ancient dynasty as the center. After the emperor of Emperor Ming Dynasty pushed the ancient emperor to the throne, Prince Shotoku regent, took all affairs, began to carry out the reform, set the twelve order of the crown and made the seventeen constitution of the constitution, carried out the equal diplomacy to the Sui, and dispatched Sui and foreign students, The introduction of Buddhism, although the contradiction between the Ministry of things, the big partner and the three family of Su I was aggravated, but the system of family name, the state system, the system of the Ministry and the people, and the ruling system centered on the royal family were gradually established and consolidated.

Characteristic：

This period also belongs to the pool spring landscape garden series, which is still the center of the pool, the addition of the island, the bridge building, the riverside of the ring pool is the place of view, is also one of the symbols of the pool spring garden.

Representative work：

Fujiwara Miyauchiraba, the garden of the bird island palace, the garden of the small reclamation palace, the Sui's Garden (the first private garden in Japan), etc., but all the ancient gardens have not existed now, only to be known from ancient books and archaeological excavations.

The origin of China:

The gardening technology in this period is far superior to that of the great harmony. It originated from China's introduction through Korea. Setting up an island in the pool is consistent with the Penglai sacred mountain described in Huai Feng Zao, which indicates that the garden landscape has been influenced by the Chinese immortals ideology.

Development：

The construction of Buddhist temples at the waterside and the mount of Mount Mu indicate that Buddhism has begun to infiltrate gardens. In this period, private gardens began to appear on the type. Colleagues not only had gardens in the city, but also the system of leaving the palace outside the city. On the basis of inheritance, Chi Quan style and Qu River are the same origin. In practice, this era also pioneered the practice of Zhou bang and became the ancestor of the later generation. In addition, the oranges and the tortoise of animals and plants come into being because of their auspiciousness and longevity.


Courtyard layout in the age of flying birds

3. The times of Nara

Time: 711 to 794 A. D.

Historical background:

The time of Nara was settled in Nara's Ping City Beijing, which lasted only 84 years and moved to Nagaoka Beijing in the last ten years. Although the political struggle in the aristocracy was constantly occurring within the aristocracy, the efficiency of the class collection method was very small, but the implementation of the reform and the system of class farmland marked the entry of Japan into the feudal society. Strengthening diplomatic relations with Tang Dynasty and sending out Tang Dynasty leaders.

Characteristic：

Chinese style landscape

Representative work：

The historical gardens include Nanyuan, Nishike Miya, Song Lin Yuan, bird pond and City North Garden, as well as the countryside outside the city of Ping Cheng, such as the departure of the Emperor (718-770 years) in the backyard of the west great temple. In the private gardens outside the city, there are also the brothers of the orange brothers (684-757 years), the Zuo Bao, the long house King (684-729 years) Zuo Bao hall and Fujiwara Toyonari's purple fragrance industry.

The origin of China:

The age of Nara was equivalent to China's Tang Ruizong Li Danjingyun two years to Tang Dezong Li Yuan ten years, this period Japan comprehensive absorption of Chinese culture, the whole Ping Cheng Beijing is modeled on the capital of Changan at the time of China.

Development：

In the number of gardening, Nara built more gardens than before. In the garden, it is still fond of the formation of the water. In practice, the island of Shen Shan and the island of the river do not change. The Royal aristocracy was the main force for the construction of private gardens.


Courtyard waterside

4. The peace Era

Time: 794-1185 A. D.

Historical background:

The peace era is the era of great Japan and the time of the capital city of Pingcheng Beijing (Kyoto). The capital of the emperor of Take was mainly due to the lack of water source in Nara, while the capital of Kyoto was rich in mamakawa and high wild Sichuan.